Along with the empire, he also inherited his father’s wars. This battle is remembered with the famous phrase "Kandalur Salai Kalam-arutta". Rajendra Chola was also a able ruler like his father. Arinjaya died soon, and was succeeded by his son Parantaka II. Being a devout and religious ruler, he got most of the brick-structured temples in his empire converted into stone shrines. Arulmozhivarman’s elder brother was Aditya Karikalan and his elder sister’s name was Kundavai. Rajendra Chola I or Rajendra I was a Tamil Chola emperor of South India who succeeded his father Rajaraja Chola I to the throne in 1014 CE. His reign was between 1014-1044 A.D. According to the Thiruvalangadu copper-plate inscription, Rajaraja's original name was Arulmoḷi (also transliterated as Arulmozhi) Varman, literally "blessed tongued". He led the famous campaign against the Western Chalukyas and succeeded in invading Kollipakkai or modern-Kulpak in the north of Hyderabad. [9], Rajaraja's inscriptions start to appear in Kanyakumari district in the 990s and in Trivandrum district in early 1000s. [64] This led to the king exercising a closer control over the different parts of the empire. Answer. [9], The Cholas controlled the area around of Bay of Bengal with Nagapattinam as the main port. [9], After defeating the Pandyas, Rajaraja adopted the title Pandya Kulashani ("Thunderbolt to the Race of the Pandyas"), and the Pandya country came to be known as "Rajaraja Mandalam" or "Rajaraja Pandinadu". The Kumbam (the apex or the bulbous structure on the top) of the temple is carved out of a single rock and weighs around 80 tons. Till the end of his reign, he was constantly at campaigns and conflicts to protect his huge empire from invasions and hold it together. He conquered with an army of 9 Lac men(One can imagine the Logistics involved)upto the Ganges in the East, conquered the Chalukyas in Kollapuram(Kolhapur)in the West, entire South upto Srilanka. He transformed it into a powerful dynasty under his reign. [22] The salai originally belonged to the Ay chief, a vassal of the Pandya king at Madurai. Rajendra Chola – I sat on the Chola throne for the first time as yuvaraja, the crown prince, under his father’s rule. [44] Rajaraja gave his daughter Kundavai in marriage to his next viceroy of Vengi Vimaladitya which brought about the union of the Chola Dynasty and the Eastern Chalukya Kingdom and which also ensured that the descendants of Rajaraja would rule the Eastern Chalukya kingdom in the future. He was succeeded by his son Rajadhiraja Chola, who was then followed by his other two sons – Rajendra Chola II and Virarajendra Chola, https://www.pinterest.com/pin/24910604164532046/. [9] The Chola subjugation of Kerala can be dated to the early years of the 11th century. His rule came to be known as the ‘Golden Age of Cholas’. [71], Rajaraja was a follower of Shaivism but he was tolerant towards other faiths and had several temples for Vishnu constructed and encouraged the construction of the Buddhist Chudamani Vihara at the request of the Srivijaya king Sri Maravijayatungavarman. [19], Rajaraja inherited a kingdom whose boundaries were limited to the traditional Chola territory centred around Thanjavur-Tiruchirappalli region. The conspiracy of death surrounds his brothers death Adithya Karikalan, not Raja Rajan. [25] This invasion most probably happened during the reign of Mahinda V of Anuradhapura, who according to the Chulavamsa chronicle, had fled to Rohana (Ruhuna) in south-eastern Sri Lanka because of a military uprising. Rajendra Chola I or Rajendra I was a Tamil Chola emperor of South India who succeeded his father Rajaraja Chola I to the throne in 1014 CE.During his reign, he extended the influence of the Chola empire to the banks of the river Ganga in North India and across the Indian ocean to the West and South East Asia, making the Chola Empire one of the most powerful maritime empires of India. [65][66][67] To promote trade, he sent the first Chola mission to China. He was the first known Indian monarch who took his army overseas and invaded other countries like Modern Malaysia, Singapore, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Maldives, Thailand and Indonesia. The Cholas were believed to have maintained good relations with the Chinese kingdoms, with the earliest mission sent from Chola king Rajaraja to the Song Dynasty in 1015, with subsequent visits in 1033 and 1077. There are inscriptions here which speak of grants given by Rajendra Cholan for the upkeep of the temple. Thus Saiva literature which covers about 600 years of religious, philosophical and literary development. He is best remembered for his role in the battle of Koppam along with his elder brother where he dramatically turned the tables on the Chalukyan King Someshvara I, after the death of his brother in 1052. The engagement seemed to be an effort of the Chola navy or a combined effort of the navy and the army. [2] Known as Arumoḷi Varman until this point, he adopted the name Rajaraja, which literally means "King among Kings". [70] The other names of officials found in the inscriptions are the Bana prince Narasimhavarman, a general Senapathi Krishnan Raman, the Samanta chief Vallavaraiyan Vandiyadevan, the revenue official Irayiravan Pallavarayan and Kuruvan Ulagalandan, who organised the country-wide land surveys. [73] He sought the help of Nambi Andar Nambi. [2], A number of regiments are mentioned in the Thanjavur inscriptions. OpIndia Staff. He was declared the crown prince by his father in 1012, though he started assisting him in his conquests from 1002 and led campaigns against the Western Chalukyas, Vengi and Kalinga. by Pandit. After suppressing the Western and the Eastern Chalukyas, he moved northwards through Kalinga to River Ganges and reached the Pala kingdom of Bengal, where he defeated Mahipala and acquired elephants, women and treasure. Aditya Karikalan was the crown prince and was supposed to sit on the throne but in 969 he was assassinated in suspicious … [18] He also called himself Shivapada Shekhara (IAST: Śivapada Śekhara), literally, "the one who places his crown at the feet of Shiva". Rajaraja Cholan was named Arulmozhi Varman at birth. Apart from reaching northwards to River Ganges and moving overseas to Maldives and Sri Lanka, he also invaded the Southeast Asian territories of Srivijaya in Malaysia, Indonesia and southern Thailand. 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